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KMID : 0605720180240010005
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Journal of the Korean Society of Biological Therapies in Psychiatry
2018 Volume.24 No. 1 p.5 ~ p.14
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The Emergence of Modern Psychiatry in Daegu and Gyeongbuk Province
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Lee Seung-Jae
Kim Joo-Ya
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Abstract
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The purpose of this study was to investigate the introduction of modern psychiatry and mental health related social situations in Daegu and Gyeongbuk Province from 1900 to 1945. Anecdotal evidence was identified that modern psychiatric practice had emerged around 1910 in this area. Ja-Hye government clinics(官立慈惠醫院) opened departmental practice of psychiatry and ran a psychiatric inpatient ward which share with an infection control ward. However, the complete introduction of modern psychiatry had been drifted due to a variety of challenges including superstitions of psychiatric illness, shortage of labor force and medical facilities, lack of policies for mental health, and drug trafficking. As the number of people with psychiatric illnesses and drug addicts increased due to urbanization and civilization, it was not until 1925 that Joseon Chongdokbu(The Government General of Joseon) came out with the legal prohibition of illegal drug use and the establishment of psychiatric hospital and drug addiction clinics. However, this project had been minimized and delayed several times to carry out due to financial difficulties. In 1934, drug addiction clinic was built within Daegu provincial hospital(道立大邱醫院). After that, Daegu provincial hospital had gradually equipped with many features of modern psychiatric hospital including an independent psychiatric ward. However, it does not seem that patients with mental problems had been treated properly since the general policy of Joseon Chongdokbu for mentally ill individuals was to isolate them from society in political and societal perspectives.
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KEYWORD
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Japanese colonial period, Mental illness, Mental health policy, Addiction, Psychiatric facility
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